Zaire - Revision history

70.57.146.117 at 16:21, 28 January 2009

70.57.146.117 — Wed, 28 Jan 2009 16:21:14 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:21, 28 January 2009
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	In spite of the country's mineral wealth, it is one of the poorest countries in the world, due to years of economic mismanagement, rampant corruption, and neglect of the country's infrastructure, and every year the country grows poorer. Mobutu's single-party regime has drawn significant criticism from human rights groups abroad and from Zairians at home. Disenchantment with the regime is rife, and protests against Mobutu are common, despite Mobutu's use of violence to quell them. Hyperinflation, an astronomical crime rate, deteriorating living standards, tribal violence, frequent border skirmishes with its neighbors, and a high unemployment rate are just a few of the myriad problems Zaire faces. Yet, through it all, Mobutu's regime has endured, and he remains, for the time being, as firmly in control as ever.		In spite of the country's mineral wealth, it is one of the poorest countries in the world, due to years of economic mismanagement, rampant corruption, and neglect of the country's infrastructure, and every year the country grows poorer. Mobutu's single-party regime has drawn significant criticism from human rights groups abroad and from Zairians at home. Disenchantment with the regime is rife, and protests against Mobutu are common, despite Mobutu's use of violence to quell them. Hyperinflation, an astronomical crime rate, deteriorating living standards, tribal violence, frequent border skirmishes with its neighbors, and a high unemployment rate are just a few of the myriad problems Zaire faces. Yet, through it all, Mobutu's regime has endured, and he remains, for the time being, as firmly in control as ever.
		+
		+
		+
		+
		+
		+	*Independence Day, June 30. The Belgian Congo became independent from Belgium on June 30, 1960, and was renamed Republic of the Congo.
		+	*New Regime Day, November 24.
		+	*President's Day, October 14. Birthday of President Mobutu.
		+	*Armed Forces Day, November 17.
		+	*MPR Day, May 20. Anniversary of the Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution (MPR), the political party of Mobutu. Until 1990 it was the only legal political party.
		+	*Naming Day, October 27. Anniversary of the day in 1971 when the country's name was changed from the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Zaire. The name, meaning "river", the flag, and the anthem are celebrated on October 27 with Naming Day, also known as Three Zs Day.
		+	*Constitution Day, June 24. Celebrates the constitution of 1967, the anniversary of the Zaire currency, and is also the Day of the Fisherman.
		+
		+	*Public holidays New Year's Day, Day of the Martyrs for Independence (Jan 4), Labor Day (May 1), MPR Day, Constitution Day, Independence Day, Parent's Day (Aug 1), Youth Day/President's Birthday (Oct 14), Naming Day, Armed Forces Day, New Regime Day, Christmas
		+
		+

	[[Category:Nations]]		[[Category:Nations]]
	[[Category:Zaire\| ]]		[[Category:Zaire\| ]]

Knut at 08:08, 24 August 2008

Knut — Sun, 24 Aug 2008 08:08:46 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:08, 24 August 2008
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\|'''[[Languages of Zaire\|~~Languages~~]]'''~~<br> - Official<br> - Working~~ \|\| ~~<br>~~French~~<br>~~Lingala, Kikongo, Swahili, Tshiluba	+	\|'''[[Languages of Zaire\|Official language(s)]]''' \|\| French (Lingala, Kikongo, Swahili, and Tshiluba are working languages)
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
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	Formerly the Belgian colony of the Belgian Congo, the country's post-independence name was the Republic of the Congo until August 1, 1964, when its name was changed to Democratic Republic of the Congo (to distinguish it from the neighboring Republic of the Congo). On October 27, 1971, the country was renamed ''Zaire'', from a Portuguese mispronunciation of the Kikongo word ''nzere'' or ''nzadi'', which translates to "the river that swallows all rivers."		Formerly the Belgian colony of the Belgian Congo, the country's post-independence name was the Republic of the Congo until August 1, 1964, when its name was changed to Democratic Republic of the Congo (to distinguish it from the neighboring Republic of the Congo). On October 27, 1971, the country was renamed ''Zaire'', from a Portuguese mispronunciation of the Kikongo word ''nzere'' or ''nzadi'', which translates to "the river that swallows all rivers."

-	Since November 1965, Zaire has been ruled by President Mobutu Sese Seko, who has managed to maintain a tenuous stability through a combination of brute repression, patronage, and skillful exploitation of Cold War rivalries to obtain significant Western support. Due to the country's strategic location and vast mineral riches, the country is of great importance to Western interests, and support of Mobutu is justified by the thesis of "Mobutu or chaos"; that is, that without Mobutu's strong-armed rule, the country would disintegrate into bloodshed, tribalism, and civil war, making it ripe for a Communist takeover.	+	Since November 1965, Zaire has been ruled by President Mobutu Sese Seko, who has managed to maintain a tenuous stability through a combination of brute repression, patronage, and skillful exploitation of Cold War rivalries to obtain significant Western support. Due to the country's strategic location and vast mineral riches, the country is of great importance to Western interests, and support of Mobutu is justified by the thesis of "Mobutu or chaos"; that is, that without Mobutu's strong-armed rule, the country would supposedly disintegrate into bloodshed, tribalism, and civil war, making it ripe for a Communist takeover.

	In spite of the country's mineral wealth, it is one of the poorest countries in the world, due to years of economic mismanagement, rampant corruption, and neglect of the country's infrastructure, and every year the country grows poorer. Mobutu's single-party regime has drawn significant criticism from human rights groups abroad and from Zairians at home. Disenchantment with the regime is rife, and protests against Mobutu are common, despite Mobutu's use of violence to quell them. Hyperinflation, an astronomical crime rate, deteriorating living standards, tribal violence, frequent border skirmishes with its neighbors, and a high unemployment rate are just a few of the myriad problems Zaire faces. Yet, through it all, Mobutu's regime has endured, and he remains, for the time being, as firmly in control as ever.		In spite of the country's mineral wealth, it is one of the poorest countries in the world, due to years of economic mismanagement, rampant corruption, and neglect of the country's infrastructure, and every year the country grows poorer. Mobutu's single-party regime has drawn significant criticism from human rights groups abroad and from Zairians at home. Disenchantment with the regime is rife, and protests against Mobutu are common, despite Mobutu's use of violence to quell them. Hyperinflation, an astronomical crime rate, deteriorating living standards, tribal violence, frequent border skirmishes with its neighbors, and a high unemployment rate are just a few of the myriad problems Zaire faces. Yet, through it all, Mobutu's regime has endured, and he remains, for the time being, as firmly in control as ever.

Knut at 08:06, 24 August 2008

Knut — Sun, 24 Aug 2008 08:06:34 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:06, 24 August 2008
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-	{\| align=right cellspacing=0 width=~~400px~~ class="infobox toccolours" style="padding: 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em; margin: 0em 0em 0.75em 0.75em; background: #fcfcfc; vertical-align: center; border-h: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-top: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-left: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-right: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-bottom: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; font-size: 85%; span: 1px #c6c6c6 solid;"	+	{\| align=right cellspacing=0 width=300px class="infobox toccolours" style="padding: 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em; margin: 0em 0em 0.75em 0.75em; background: #fcfcfc; vertical-align: center; border-h: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-top: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-left: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-right: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-bottom: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; font-size: 85%; span: 1px #c6c6c6 solid;"
	\|-		\|-
	\| style="font-size: 11pt; background: #fcfcfc; text-align: center;" colspan=2 \| '''''République du Zaïre'''''<br>'''Republic of Zaire'''		\| style="font-size: 11pt; background: #fcfcfc; text-align: center;" colspan=2 \| '''''République du Zaïre'''''<br>'''Republic of Zaire'''
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\|'''Establishment''' <br> - Congo Free State<br> - Belgian Congo<br> - Independence ~~(from Belgium)~~<br> - Second Republic<br> - Zaire	+	\|'''Establishment''' <br> - Congo Free State<br> - Belgian Congo<br> - Independence<br> - Second Republic<br> - Zaire
	\| <br>February 5, 1885<br>November 15, 1908<br>June 30, 1960<br>November 25, 1965<br>October 27, 1971		\| <br>February 5, 1885<br>November 15, 1908<br>June 30, 1960<br>November 25, 1965<br>October 27, 1971
	\|-		\|-

Knut at 08:05, 24 August 2008

Knut — Sun, 24 Aug 2008 08:05:07 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 08:05, 24 August 2008
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| '''Motto'''<br>"Paix, justice, travail" <small>(French)</small><br><small>("Peace, justice, work")</small>	+	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| '''Motto'''<br>"Paix, justice, travail" <small>(French)</small><br><small>"Peace, justice, work"</small>
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| '''Anthem'''<br>''[[La Zaïroise]]'' ~~<br><small>("The Song of Zaire")</small>~~	+	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| '''Anthem'''<br>''[[La Zaïroise]]''
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
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	\|-		\|-
	\|'''[[:Category:Politics of Zaire\|Government]]'''<br> - [[Presidency of Zaire\|President]]<br> - [[List of Prime Ministers of Zaire\|First State Commissioner]]		\|'''[[:Category:Politics of Zaire\|Government]]'''<br> - [[Presidency of Zaire\|President]]<br> - [[List of Prime Ministers of Zaire\|First State Commissioner]]
-	\| Republic <br>[[Mobutu Sese Seko]]<br>to be decided	+	\|Republic<br>[[Mobutu Sese Seko]]<br>to be decided
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\|'''Establishment''' <br> - Congo Free State<br> - Belgian Congo<br> - Independence (from Belgium)<br> - Second Republic<br> - Zaire~~<br> - Third Republic~~	+	\|'''Establishment''' <br> - Congo Free State<br> - Belgian Congo<br> - Independence (from Belgium)<br> - Second Republic<br> - Zaire
-	\| <br>February 5, 1885<br>November 15, 1908<br>June 30, 1960<br>November 25, 1965<br>October 27, 1971~~<br>April 24, 1990~~	+	\| <br>February 5, 1885<br>November 15, 1908<br>June 30, 1960<br>November 25, 1965<br>October 27, 1971
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\|'''Population''' <br/> - ~~2007~~ estimate<br/> - 1984 census<br/> - Density<br/>	+	\|'''Population'''<br/> - July 2008 estimate<br/> - 1984 census<br/> - Density<br/>
-	\|<br>63,~~655~~,~~000~~<br>29,916,800<br>25 /km²<br>65 /sq mi	+	\|<br>66,514,506<br>29,916,800<br>25/km²<br>65/sq mi
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\|'''GDP''' (PPP)<br/> - Total ~~(USD)~~ <br/> - Per capita	+	\|'''GDP''' (PPP)<br/> - Total<br/> - Per capita
-	\|~~2005~~ estimate<br>$46.~~491~~ billion<br>$~~774~~	+	\|2007 estimate<br>$18.84 billion<br>$283
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''GDP''' (nominal)<br/> - Total<br/> - Per capita		\|'''GDP''' (nominal)<br/> - Total<br/> - Per capita
-	\|~~2005~~ estimate<br>$7.~~094~~ billion<br>$~~119~~	+	\|2007 estimate<br>$10.14 billion<br>$152
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| '''~~HDI~~''' (2004) \|\| n/a (<font color="gray">n/a</font>) (~~unranked~~)	+	\|'''Gini''' (2004) \|\| n/a (<font color="gray">n/a</font>)
		+	\|-
		+	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
		+	\|-
		+	\|'''HDI''' (2005) \|\| [[Image:10px-Green Arrow Up Darker.PNG\|10px]] 0.411 (<font color="#e0584e">low</font>)
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
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	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Time zone''' <br> - Summer (DST)		\|'''Time zone''' <br> - Summer (DST)
-	\| CCT, EET (UTC +1 to +2) <br> not observed (UTC +1 to +2)	+	\|CCT, EET (UTC +1 to +2)<br>''not observed'' (UTC +1 to +2)
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
		+
		+	The '''Republic of Zaire''' (French: ''République du Zaïre'') is the third largest country by area on the African continent. Though it is located in the Central African UN subregion, the nation is economically and regionally affiliated with Southern Africa as a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It borders the Central African Republic and Sudan on the north, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi on the east, Zambia and Angola on the south, the Republic of the Congo on the west, and is separated from Tanzania by Lake Tanganyika on the east. The country enjoys access to the ocean through a forty-kilometre stretch of Atlantic coastline at Muanda and the roughly nine-kilometre wide mouth of the Congo river which opens into the Gulf of Guinea. The name "Congo" (meaning "hunter") is coined after the Bakongo ethnic group who live in the Congo river basin.
		+
		+	Formerly the Belgian colony of the Belgian Congo, the country's post-independence name was the Republic of the Congo until August 1, 1964, when its name was changed to Democratic Republic of the Congo (to distinguish it from the neighboring Republic of the Congo). On October 27, 1971, the country was renamed ''Zaire'', from a Portuguese mispronunciation of the Kikongo word ''nzere'' or ''nzadi'', which translates to "the river that swallows all rivers."
		+
		+	Since November 1965, Zaire has been ruled by President Mobutu Sese Seko, who has managed to maintain a tenuous stability through a combination of brute repression, patronage, and skillful exploitation of Cold War rivalries to obtain significant Western support. Due to the country's strategic location and vast mineral riches, the country is of great importance to Western interests, and support of Mobutu is justified by the thesis of "Mobutu or chaos"; that is, that without Mobutu's strong-armed rule, the country would disintegrate into bloodshed, tribalism, and civil war, making it ripe for a Communist takeover.
		+
		+	In spite of the country's mineral wealth, it is one of the poorest countries in the world, due to years of economic mismanagement, rampant corruption, and neglect of the country's infrastructure, and every year the country grows poorer. Mobutu's single-party regime has drawn significant criticism from human rights groups abroad and from Zairians at home. Disenchantment with the regime is rife, and protests against Mobutu are common, despite Mobutu's use of violence to quell them. Hyperinflation, an astronomical crime rate, deteriorating living standards, tribal violence, frequent border skirmishes with its neighbors, and a high unemployment rate are just a few of the myriad problems Zaire faces. Yet, through it all, Mobutu's regime has endured, and he remains, for the time being, as firmly in control as ever.

	[[Category:Nations]]		[[Category:Nations]]
	[[Category:Zaire\| ]]		[[Category:Zaire\| ]]

Knut at 10:59, 9 June 2008

Knut — Mon, 09 Jun 2008 10:59:43 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 10:59, 9 June 2008
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Flag of Zaire.PNG\|125px\|Flag ~~of the Republic~~ of Zaire]] \|\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Coat of arms of Zaire.PNG\|85px\|Coat of arms ~~of the Republic~~ of Zaire]]	+	\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Flag of Zaire.PNG\|125px\|Flag of Zaire]] \|\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Coat of arms of Zaire.PNG\|85px\|Coat of arms of Zaire]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Flag</small> \|\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Coat of arms</small>		\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Flag</small> \|\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Coat of arms</small>
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| [[Image:Sexyzairemap.PNG\|250px\|Location ~~of the Republic~~ of Zaire]]	+	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| [[Image:Sexyzairemap.PNG\|250px\|Location of Zaire]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>

Knut at 23:34, 8 February 2008

Knut — Fri, 08 Feb 2008 23:34:17 GMT

←Older revision		Revision as of 23:34, 8 February 2008
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Flag of Zaire.PNG\|125px]] \|\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Coat of arms of Zaire.PNG\|85px]]	+	\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Flag of Zaire.PNG\|125px\|Flag of the Republic of Zaire]] \|\| style="text-align: center;" width=50% \| [[Image:Coat of arms of Zaire.PNG\|85px\|Coat of arms of the Republic of Zaire]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Flag</small> \|\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Coat of arms</small>		\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Flag</small> \|\| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" \| <small>Coat of arms</small>
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	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>
	\|-		\|-
-	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| [[Image:Sexyzairemap.PNG\|250px]]	+	\| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" \| [[Image:Sexyzairemap.PNG\|250px\|Location of the Republic of Zaire]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan="2" \| <hr>		\| colspan="2" \| <hr>

Knut at 23:30, 8 February 2008

Knut — Fri, 08 Feb 2008 23:30:32 GMT

New page

{| align=right cellspacing=0 width=400px class="infobox toccolours" style="padding: 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em 0.8em; margin: 0em 0em 0.75em 0.75em; background: #fcfcfc; vertical-align: center; border-h: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-top: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-left: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-right: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border-bottom: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; border: 1px #c6c6c6 solid; font-size: 85%; span: 1px #c6c6c6 solid;"
|-
| style="font-size: 11pt; background: #fcfcfc; text-align: center;" colspan=2 | '''''République du Zaïre''''' '''Republic of Zaire'''
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" width=50% | [[Image:Flag of Zaire.PNG|125px]] || style="text-align: center;" width=50% | [[Image:Coat of arms of Zaire.PNG|85px]]
|-
| style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" | Flag || style="border: 0px; text-align: center;" | Coat of arms
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" | '''Motto''' "Paix, justice, travail" (French) ("Peace, justice, work")
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" | '''Anthem''' ''[[La Zaïroise]]'' ("The Song of Zaire")
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="padding: 0em 0em 0.5em 0em; text-align: center; background: #fcfcfc;" | [[Image:Sexyzairemap.PNG|250px]]
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''[[List of national capitals|Capital]]''' ([[:Category:Cities in Zaire|and largest city]])
|[[Kinshasa]] [http://tools.wikimedia.de/~magnus/geo/geohack.php?params=4_24_S_15_24_E_type:country(2,344,858) 4°24′ S 15°24′ E]
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''[[Languages of Zaire|Languages]]'''  - Official  - Working || French Lingala, Kikongo, Swahili, Tshiluba
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''[[:Category:Politics of Zaire|Government]]'''  - [[Presidency of Zaire|President]]  - [[List of Prime Ministers of Zaire|First State Commissioner]]
| Republic [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] to be decided
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''Establishment'''  - Congo Free State  - Belgian Congo  - Independence (from Belgium)  - Second Republic  - Zaire  - Third Republic
|  February 5, 1885 November 15, 1908 June 30, 1960 November 25, 1965 October 27, 1971 April 24, 1990
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''Area'''  - Total  - Water (%)
| 2,344,858 km² 905,351 sq mi 3.3
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''Population'''  - 2007 estimate  - 1984 census  - Density  
| 63,655,000 29,916,800 25 /km² 65 /sq mi
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''GDP''' (PPP)  - Total (USD)  - Per capita
|2005 estimate $46.491 billion $774
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''GDP''' (nominal)  - Total  - Per capita
|2005 estimate $7.094 billion $119
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| '''HDI''' (2004) || n/a (n/a) (unranked)
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''Currency''' || [[Zaire (currency)|Zaire]] (<code>ZRZ</code>)
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
|'''Time zone''' - Summer (DST)
| CCT, EET (UTC +1 to +2) not observed (UTC +1 to +2)
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| '''Internet TLD''' || [[.zr]]
|-
| colspan="2" | <hr>
|-
| '''Calling code''' || +243
|-
|}

[[Category:Nations]]
[[Category:Zaire| ]]