Spain

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Revision as of 21:42, 10 August 2008

Reino de España
Kingdom of Spain

Flag of the Kingdom of Spain
Anthem Marcha Real
Motto Plus Ultra Further Beyond
Official Language	Spanish
Capital	Madrid
Rey (King)	Alfonso XIII
Prime Minister	José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones
Establishment (De Facto)   - Union of the Crowns of Aragón and Castille	1469
Government	Constitutional monarchy
Currency	Peseta
Area	504,030 km²
Population	circa 35,200,737

The Kingdom of Spain (Official Spanish:Reino de España short English form: Spain; Spanish short form: España) is a country in S-W Europe. It borders Portugal and the Commune of France.(Also National France in Africa)

Politics

Spain is ruled by a coalition of right-wing forces that supported king Alfonso's coup. However, he is not regarded as the true king by the Carlist movement which has been gaining support of some workers movements and of the rural population that is very religious. The Anarcho-Syndicalist alliance named C.N.T.-F.A.I. has polarized the left end of the political spectrum, that has been repressed by the current administration. They have the support of most workers unions and have their 'revolutionary HQs' mainly based in urban areas.

History

Spanish confidence was badly shaken after the war against the USA which saw the empire lose her remaining colonies outside her immediate vicinity. Separatist movements in the Basque country and Catalonia gained support, the Church interfered in politics, and a radical workers movement destabilised the balance between conservatives and liberals. After taking the government in 1902, King Alfonso XIII showed expansionist tendencies, as demonstrated by the intervention in Morocco. The Algeciras Act of 1906 acknowledged Spanish interests in Morocco, and a protectorate over the North and South of the country was established in 1912, but it became a source of permanent unrest.

While Spain remained neutral throughout the Weltkrieg, 1918 saw social tensions erupt in a number of revolts by the rural populace, right wing factions and the increasingly powerful anarcho-syndicalist movement. Alfonso XIII supported the military coup against the government by General Miguel Primo de Rivera who abolished the constitution of 1876 and installed a dictatorial rule between 1923 and 1930. He ended the uprising in Morocco with a victory over Abd el-Krim in 1926, but could not master the economic crisis and had to resign after repeated revolts by the military and students. His position was taken over by Jose Maria Gil-Robles Quiñones, a moderate right-wing politician.

However there remain deep divisions within Spanish society in 1936. On the one hand, the resurgent Carlist Movement, headed by Alfonso Carlos, aims to re-establish the "True Dynasty" and recreate an integralist Christian monarchy and on the other, the anarcho-syndicalist CNT-FAI has been inspired by the uprisings in both France and Britain to seek the abolition of the Spanish state altogether, and replace it with a voluntarist federation of communes and economic collectives.