SSP - Revision history

24.137.113.142 at 23:58, 22 September 2008

2008-09-22T23:58:48Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 22 September 2008
Line 114:		Line 114:
	* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)		* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)
	* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])		* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])
		+	[[category: delete]]

24.224.240.191: /* Atrocities */

2008-05-06T12:42:22Z

Atrocities

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 6 May 2008
Line 55:		Line 55:
	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheka		http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheka

-	The Cheka is reported to have practiced torture. Victims were skinned alive, scalped, "crowned" with barbed wire, impaled, crucified, hanged, stoned to death, tied to planks and pushed slowly into furnaces or tanks of boiling water, and rolled around naked in internally nail-studded barrels. Chekists poured water on naked prisoners in the winter-bound streets until they became living ice statues. Others beheaded their victims by twisting their necks until their heads could be torn off. The Chinese Cheka detachments stationed in Kiev reportedly would attach an iron tube to the torso of a bound victim and insert a rat into the other end which was then closed off with wire netting. The tube was then held over a flame until the rat began gnawing through the victim's guts in an effort to escape. Denikin’s investigation discovered corpses whose lungs, throats, and mouths had been packed with earth.~~[19][20][21]~~	+	The Cheka is reported to have practiced torture. Victims were skinned alive, scalped, "crowned" with barbed wire, impaled, crucified, hanged, stoned to death, tied to planks and pushed slowly into furnaces or tanks of boiling water, and rolled around naked in internally nail-studded barrels. Chekists poured water on naked prisoners in the winter-bound streets until they became living ice statues. Others beheaded their victims by twisting their necks until their heads could be torn off. The Chinese Cheka detachments stationed in Kiev reportedly would attach an iron tube to the torso of a bound victim and insert a rat into the other end which was then closed off with wire netting. The tube was then held over a flame until the rat began gnawing through the victim's guts in an effort to escape. Denikin’s investigation discovered corpses whose lungs, throats, and mouths had been packed with earth.
-		+
-	Women and children were also victims of Cheka terror. Women would sometimes be tortured and raped before being shot. Children between the ages of 8 and 16 were imprisoned and occasionally executed.[22]	+

		+	Women and children were also victims of Cheka terror. Women would sometimes be tortured and raped before being shot. Children between the ages of 8 and 16 were imprisoned and occasionally executed.

	==Timeline==		==Timeline==

24.224.240.191 at 12:41, 6 May 2008

2008-05-06T12:41:28Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:41, 6 May 2008
Line 39:		Line 39:

	1954-1991		1954-1991
		+
		+	==Today==
		+	After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.
		+
		+	In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.

	==Function==		==Function==
Line 46:		Line 51:

	The agency performed mass arrests, imprisonments, and executions of "enemies of the people". In this, the Cheka said that they targeted "class enemies" such as the bourgeoisie, members of the clergy, and political opponents of the new regime.		The agency performed mass arrests, imprisonments, and executions of "enemies of the people". In this, the Cheka said that they targeted "class enemies" such as the bourgeoisie, members of the clergy, and political opponents of the new regime.
		+	==Atrocities==
		+
		+	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheka
		+
		+	The Cheka is reported to have practiced torture. Victims were skinned alive, scalped, "crowned" with barbed wire, impaled, crucified, hanged, stoned to death, tied to planks and pushed slowly into furnaces or tanks of boiling water, and rolled around naked in internally nail-studded barrels. Chekists poured water on naked prisoners in the winter-bound streets until they became living ice statues. Others beheaded their victims by twisting their necks until their heads could be torn off. The Chinese Cheka detachments stationed in Kiev reportedly would attach an iron tube to the torso of a bound victim and insert a rat into the other end which was then closed off with wire netting. The tube was then held over a flame until the rat began gnawing through the victim's guts in an effort to escape. Denikin’s investigation discovered corpses whose lungs, throats, and mouths had been packed with earth.[19][20][21]
		+
		+	Women and children were also victims of Cheka terror. Women would sometimes be tortured and raped before being shot. Children between the ages of 8 and 16 were imprisoned and occasionally executed.[22]
		+

	==Timeline==		==Timeline==
Line 102:		Line 115:
	* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)		* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)
	* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])		* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])
-
-	After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.
-
-	In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

2008-05-06T12:32:37Z

Leaders

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:32, 6 May 2008
Line 62:		Line 62:
	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police		http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police

-	*Cheka	+	Cheka
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1917 - 1918	+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1917 - 1918
-	** [[Yakov Peters]] 1918	+	* [[Yakov Peters]] 1918
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]	+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]

	Cheka became GPU		Cheka became GPU
-		+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]	+

	GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.		GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.
-		+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926	+	* [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934
-	** [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934	+

	OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.		OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.
-		+	* [[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936
-	** [[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936	+	* [[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938
-	** [[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938	+	* [[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]
-	** [[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]	+

	The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.		The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.
-		+	* [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] February 3, 1941 - July 20, 1941 (NKGB folded back into NKVD)
-	** [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] February 3, 1941 - July 20, 1941 (NKGB folded back into NKVD)	+	* [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)
-	** [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)	+

	All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].		All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].
-		+	* [[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951
-	** [[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951	+	* [[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953
-	** [[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953	+

	MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].		MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].
		+	* [[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953
		+	* [[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954

-	** [[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953	+	Newly independent force became the KGB. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.
-	** [[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954	+
-		+
-	Newly independent force became the KGB~~, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing~~. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.	+

-	** [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])	+	* [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])
-	** [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] (December 25 1958 - [[November 13]] 1961)	+	* [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] (December 25 1958 - [[November 13]] 1961)
-	** [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])	+	* [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])
-	** [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])	+	* [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])
-	** [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])	+	* [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])
-	** [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - October 1 [[1988]])	+	* [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - October 1 [[1988]])
-	** [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] (October 1 1988 - August 22 [[1991]])	+	* [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] (October 1 1988 - August 22 [[1991]])
-	** [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)	+	* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)
-	** [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])	+	* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])

	After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.		After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.

	In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.		In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

2008-05-06T12:30:19Z

Leaders

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

2008-05-06T12:26:00Z

Leaders

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:26, 6 May 2008
Line 46:		Line 46:

	The agency performed mass arrests, imprisonments, and executions of "enemies of the people". In this, the Cheka said that they targeted "class enemies" such as the bourgeoisie, members of the clergy, and political opponents of the new regime.		The agency performed mass arrests, imprisonments, and executions of "enemies of the people". In this, the Cheka said that they targeted "class enemies" such as the bourgeoisie, members of the clergy, and political opponents of the new regime.
		+
		+	==Timeline==
		+	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police
		+
		+	* [[February 6]], [[1922]]: Cheka became GPU, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.
		+	* November 15, [[1923]]: GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.
		+	* [[July 10]], [[1934]]: OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.
		+	* [[February 3]], [[1941]]: The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.
		+	* [[March 18]], [[1946]]: All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].
		+	* [[May 30]], [[1947]]: Official decision with the expressed purpose of "upgrading coordination of different intelligence services and concentrating their efforts on major directions". In the summer of 1948 the military personnel in KI were returned to the Soviet military to reconstitute a foreign military intelligence arm of the GRU. KI sections dealing with the new East Bloc and Soviet emigres were returned to the MGB in late 1948. In 1951 the KI returned to the MGB.
		+	* [[March 5]], [[1953]]: MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].
		+	* [[March 13]], [[1954]]: Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.

	==Leaders==		==Leaders==
Line 55:		Line 67:
	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]		** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]

-	~~[[February 6]], [[1922]]:~~ Cheka became GPU, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.	+	Cheka became GPU, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.

	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]		* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]

-	~~[[November 15]], [[1923]]:~~ GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.	+	GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.

	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926		* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926
	* [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934		* [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934

-	~~[[July 10]], [[1934]]:~~ OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.	+	OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.

	*[[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936		*[[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936
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	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]		*[[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]

-	~~[[February 3]], [[1941]]:~~ The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.	+	The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.

	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[February 3]], [[1941]] - [[July 20]], [[1941]] (NKGB folded back into NKVD)		*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[February 3]], [[1941]] - [[July 20]], [[1941]] (NKGB folded back into NKVD)
	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)		*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)

-	~~[[March 18]], [[1946]]:~~ All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].	+	All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].

	*[[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951		*[[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951
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	**[[Yakov Malik]] [[Foreign Ministry]]		**[[Yakov Malik]] [[Foreign Ministry]]

-	~~[[May 30]], [[1947]]:~~ Official decision with the expressed purpose of "upgrading coordination of different intelligence services and concentrating their efforts on major directions". In the summer of 1948 the military personnel in KI were returned to the Soviet military to reconstitute a foreign military intelligence arm of the GRU. KI sections dealing with the new East Bloc and Soviet emigres were returned to the MGB in late 1948. In 1951 the KI returned to the MGB.	+	Official decision with the expressed purpose of "upgrading coordination of different intelligence services and concentrating their efforts on major directions". In the summer of 1948 the military personnel in KI were returned to the Soviet military to reconstitute a foreign military intelligence arm of the GRU. KI sections dealing with the new East Bloc and Soviet emigres were returned to the MGB in late 1948. In 1951 the KI returned to the MGB.

-	~~[[March 5]], [[1953]]:~~ MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].	+	MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].

	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953		*[[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953
	*[[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954		*[[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954

-	~~[[March 13]], [[1954]]:~~ Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.	+	Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.

	* [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])		* [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])

24.224.240.191: /* GPU */

2008-05-06T12:20:21Z

GPU

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:20, 6 May 2008
Line 7:		Line 7:

	The Cheka was created immediately after the October Revolution, during the first days of Bolshevik government. The Cheka was established on December 20, 1917, by Vladimir Lenin and subsequently led by a communist Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky. The full name of the agency was The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage. In 1918 its name was slightly altered, becoming All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption. In 1922, the Cheka was transformed into the State Political Administration or GPU, a section of the NKVD of the RSFSR.		The Cheka was created immediately after the October Revolution, during the first days of Bolshevik government. The Cheka was established on December 20, 1917, by Vladimir Lenin and subsequently led by a communist Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky. The full name of the agency was The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage. In 1918 its name was slightly altered, becoming All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption. In 1922, the Cheka was transformed into the State Political Administration or GPU, a section of the NKVD of the RSFSR.
-	===GPU===	+	===GPU/OGPU===
	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosudarstvennoye_Politicheskoye_Upravlenie		http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosudarstvennoye_Politicheskoye_Upravlenie

Line 13:		Line 13:

	State Political Directorate was the secret police of the RSFSR and USSR until 1934. Formed from the Cheka on February 6, 1922, it was initially known under the Russian abbreviation GPU for Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie of NKVD of the RSFSR. OGPU was reincorporated into NKVD of the USSR in July 1934, becoming the GUGB department. Its final transformation was into the more infamously known Committee for State Security (KGB).		State Political Directorate was the secret police of the RSFSR and USSR until 1934. Formed from the Cheka on February 6, 1922, it was initially known under the Russian abbreviation GPU for Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie of NKVD of the RSFSR. OGPU was reincorporated into NKVD of the USSR in July 1934, becoming the GUGB department. Its final transformation was into the more infamously known Committee for State Security (KGB).
		+
	===GUGB===		===GUGB===
	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUGB		http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUGB

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

2008-05-06T12:18:17Z

Leaders

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:18, 6 May 2008
Line 56:		Line 56:
	[[February 6]], [[1922]]: Cheka became GPU, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.		[[February 6]], [[1922]]: Cheka became GPU, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.

-	*'''[[NKVD]]''' - "[[People's Commissariat]] for Internal Affairs"	+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]	+

	[[November 15]], [[1923]]: GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.		[[November 15]], [[1923]]: GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.

-	*'''[[State Political Directorate\|OGPU]]''' - "Joint State Political Directorate" or "All-Union State Political Board"	+	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926
-	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926	+	* [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934
-	** [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934	+

	[[July 10]], [[1934]]: OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.		[[July 10]], [[1934]]: OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.

-	*NKVD + '''[[GUGB]]''' - "Main Directorate for State Security" (''Both GUGB and NKVD were headed by the same person.'')	+	*[[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936
-	**[[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936	+	*[[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938
-	**[[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938	+	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]
-	**[[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]	+

	[[February 3]], [[1941]]: The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.		[[February 3]], [[1941]]: The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.

-	*'''[[NKGB]]''' - "People's Commissariat for State Security"	+	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[February 3]], [[1941]] - [[July 20]], [[1941]] (NKGB folded back into NKVD)
-	**[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[February 3]], [[1941]] - [[July 20]], [[1941]] (NKGB folded back into NKVD)	+	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)
-	**[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)	+

	[[March 18]], [[1946]]: All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].		[[March 18]], [[1946]]: All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].

-	*'''[[MGB (USSR)\|MGB]]''' - "Ministry for State Security"	+	*[[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951
-	**[[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951	+	*[[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953
-	**[[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953	+	* The [[East Germany\|East German]] secret police, the [[Stasi]], took their name from this iteration.
-	** The [[East Germany\|East German]] secret police, the [[Stasi]], took their name from this iteration.	+

	*'''[[KI]]''' - "Committee of Information"		*'''[[KI]]''' - "Committee of Information"
Line 94:		Line 89:
	[[March 5]], [[1953]]: MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].		[[March 5]], [[1953]]: MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].

-	*'''[[MVD]]''' - "Ministry of Internal Affairs"	+	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953
-	**[[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953	+	*[[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954
-	**[[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, [[1954]]	+

	[[March 13]], [[1954]]: Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.		[[March 13]], [[1954]]: Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.

-	*'''[[KGB]]''' - Committee for State Security	+	* [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])
-	** [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])	+	* [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] (December 25 1958 - [[November 13]] 1961)
-	** [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] ([[December 25~~]] [[~~1958]] - [[November 13]] [[1961]])	+	* [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])
-	** [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])	+	* [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])
-	** [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])	+	* [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])
-	** [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])	+	* [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - October 1 [[1988]])
-	** [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - [[October 1]] [[1988]])	+	* [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] (October 1 1988 - August 22 [[1991]])
-	** [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] ([[October 1~~]] [[~~1988]] - [[August 22]] [[1991]])	+	* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)
-	** [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ([[August 22~~]] [[~~1991]] - [[August 23]] [[1991]], acting)	+	* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])
-	** [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])	+

	After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.		After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.

	In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.		In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

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Leaders

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:14, 6 May 2008
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	*'''[[NKVD]]''' - "[[People's Commissariat]] for Internal Affairs"		*'''[[NKVD]]''' - "[[People's Commissariat]] for Internal Affairs"
-	**'''[[State Political Directorate\|GPU]]''' - State Political Directorate	+	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]
-	*** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]	+

	[[November 15]], [[1923]]: GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.		[[November 15]], [[1923]]: GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.

24.224.240.191: /* Leaders */

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←Older revision		Revision as of 12:12, 6 May 2008
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	==Leaders==		==Leaders==
-	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/~~Cheka~~	+	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police

	*'''[[Cheka]]''' (Abbreviation of Vecheka, itself an acronym for "All-Russian Extraordinary Committee to Combat Counter-Revolution and Sabotage") ([[Russian SFSR]])		*'''[[Cheka]]''' (Abbreviation of Vecheka, itself an acronym for "All-Russian Extraordinary Committee to Combat Counter-Revolution and Sabotage") ([[Russian SFSR]])

←Older revision		Revision as of 12:30, 6 May 2008
Line 62:		Line 62:
	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police		http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_secret_police

-	*~~'''[[~~Cheka~~]]''' (Abbreviation of Vecheka, itself an acronym for "All-Russian Extraordinary Committee to Combat Counter-Revolution and Sabotage") ([[Russian SFSR]])~~	+	*Cheka
	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1917 - 1918		** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1917 - 1918
	** [[Yakov Peters]] 1918		** [[Yakov Peters]] 1918
	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]		** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1918 - [[1922]]

-	Cheka became GPU~~, a section of the NKVD of the Russian SFSR.~~	+	Cheka became GPU

-	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]	+	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1922 - [[1923]]

	GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.		GPU was reorganized into OGPU under the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the USSR.

-	* [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926	+	** [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky\|Felix Dzerzhinsky]] 1923 - July 1926
-	* [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934	+	** [[Vyacheslav Menzhinsky]] July 1926 - May 1934

	OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.		OGPU became [[GUGB]] of the NKVD of the USSR; NKVD of the Russian SFSR ceased to exist.

-	*[[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936	+	** [[Genrikh Yagoda]] 1934 - 1936
-	*[[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938	+	** [[Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov\|Nikolai Yezhov]] 1936 - 1938
-	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]	+	** [[Lavrenty Beria]] 1938 - [[1945]]

	The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.		The GUGB of the NKVD was briefly separated out into the NKGB, then merged back in, and then in 1943 separated out again.

-	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[February 3]], [[1941]] - [[July 20]], [[1941]] (NKGB folded back into NKVD)	+	** [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] February 3, 1941 - July 20, 1941 (NKGB folded back into NKVD)
-	*[[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)	+	** [[Vsevolod Nikolayevich Merkulov]] [[April 14]], [[1943]] - 1946 (NKGB reseparated from NKVD)

	All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].		All [[People's Commissariat\|People's Commissariates]] were renamed to [[Ministry (government department)\|Ministries]].

-	*[[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951	+	** [[Viktor Semionovich Abakumov]] 1946 - 1951
-	*[[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953	+	** [[Semyon Ignatyev\|Semion Denisovich Ignatiyev]] 1951 - 1953
-	* The [[East Germany\|East German]] secret police, the [[Stasi]], took their name from this iteration.	+
-		+
-	*'''[[KI]]''' - "Committee of Information"	+
-	**[[Peter Fedotov]] [[MGB]]	+
-	**[[Fedor Kuznetsov]] [[GRU]]	+
-	**[[Yakov Malik]] [[Foreign Ministry]]	+
-		+
-	Official decision with the expressed purpose of "upgrading coordination of different intelligence services and concentrating their efforts on major directions". In the summer of 1948 the military personnel in KI were returned to the Soviet military to reconstitute a foreign military intelligence arm of the GRU. KI sections dealing with the new East Bloc and Soviet emigres were returned to the MGB in late 1948. In 1951 the KI returned to the MGB.	+

	MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].		MVD and MGB are merged into the MVD by [[Lavrenty Beria]].

-	*[[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953	+	** [[Lavrenty Beria]] March, 1953 - June, 1953
-	*[[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954	+	** [[Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov]] June, 1953 - March, 1954

	Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.		Newly independent force became the KGB, as Beria was purged and the MVD divested itself again of the functions of secret policing. After renamings and tumults, the KGB remained stable until 1991.

-	* [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])	+	** [[Ivan Serov]] ([[March 13]] [[1954]] - [[December 8]] [[1958]])
-	* [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] (December 25 1958 - [[November 13]] 1961)	+	** [[Aleksandr Shelepin]] (December 25 1958 - [[November 13]] 1961)
-	* [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])	+	** [[Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny]] ([[November 13]] [[1961]] - [[May 18]] [[1967]])
-	* [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])	+	** [[Yuri Andropov]] ([[May 18]] [[1967]] - [[May 26]] [[1982]])
-	* [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])	+	** [[Vitaly Fedorchuk]] ([[May 26]] [[1982]] - [[December 17]] [[1982]])
-	* [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - October 1 [[1988]])	+	** [[Viktor Chebrikov]] ([[December 17]] [[1982]] - October 1 [[1988]])
-	* [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] (October 1 1988 - August 22 [[1991]])	+	** [[Vladimir Kryuchkov]] (October 1 1988 - August 22 [[1991]])
-	* [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)	+	** [[Leonid Shebarshin]] ( August 22 1991 - August 23 [[1991]], acting)
-	* [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])	+	** [[Vadim Bakatin]] ([[August 23]] [[1991]] - [[October 22]] [[1991]])

	After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.		After the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991\|State Emergency Committee]] failed to overthrow [[Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin\|Yeltsin]] took over, [[General]] [[Vadim Bakatin]] was given instructions to dissolve the KGB.

	In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.		In Russia today, KGB functions are performed by the [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)\|SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service) and the [[Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation\|FSB]] (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The [[GRU]], Main Intelligence Directorate, continues to operate as well.