Constitution

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-	1) To enact and order the publication of the Codes;	+	==<center>'''TITLE I'''</center>==
		+	<center>Sole Chapter<br><u>Fundamental Statements</u></center>
-	2) To establish Tribunals and regulate the administration of justice and of contentious-administrative matters;	+	<u>Article 1.</u> The Republic of _____ is irrevocably and forever free and independent from any domination or protection by a foreign power.
-	3) To enact laws relating to the independence, security, tranquility, and decorum of the Republic; the protection of all individual rights and the fostering of public works, social welfare, public health, public education, agriculture, labor, finances and economy, industry, and domestic and foreign trade;	+	<u>Article 2.</u> It shall never be the patrimony of any person or of any family.
-	4) To interpret, amend, and repeal existing laws;	+	<u>Article 3.</u> The government of the Republic of _____ is and always shall be democratic, representative, responsible, and alternating.
-	5) To create and abolish public posts and assign to them the proper emoluments, with the exception of those whose creation or abolition devolves on other bodies according to the law;	+	<u>Article 4.</u> Political power resides in the people, who exercise it directly through election, initiative, and referendum, and indirectly through their representatives in the government of the State.
-	6) To examine infractions of the Constitution and do what is necessary in order to make effective the responsibility of those who infringe it;	+	<u>Article 5.</u> No person or assembly of persons has authority to arrogate the title or representation of the people, to usurp its rights, or to make demands in its name. Violation of this precept constitutes a crime.
-	7) To pass political judgment on the conduct of the Ministers of State, in accordance with the provisions of Section VIII;	+	<u>Article 6.</u> The government of the Republic is exercised by the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.
-	8) To enact the electoral law;	+	<u>Article 7.</u> In the organization of the powers and institutions of the State, the principle of minority representation is established.
-	9) To impose the necessary taxes to meet budgetary expenditures, provide for their distribution, collection and appropriation, and to repeal, modify, or increase those in existence;	+	<u>Article 8.</u> The branches of the government shall function harmoniously in accomplishing the aims of the State. In the exercise of their particular functions, they are limited and independent.
-	10) To approve each year the estimate of receipts and in the same law to fix the expenditures of the public administration.	+	<u>Article 9.</u> No magistracy, or person, or assembly of persons, not even under the pretext of extraordinary circumstances, is empowered to assume any other authority or rights than those that have been expressly conferred upon them by the laws. Every act in contravention of this article is void.
-	Congress cannot approve any new expenditure chargeable to the funds of the Nation without at the same time creating or indicating the sources of revenue necessary to provide for this expenditure;	+	<u>Article 10.</u> Spanish is the national and official language of the State.
-	11) To recognize the national debt and indicate the means for its consolidation and amortization;	+	<u>Article 11.</u> The State has no official religion.
-	12) To establish mints; to fix the content, weight, type and denomination of the currency; and to provide a system of weights and measures;	+	<u>Article 12.</u> This Constitution is the supreme law of the Nation. The treaties, conventions, and other international agreements ratified and exchanged, and the laws, make up the national positive law, in the order of precedence in which they are listed.
-	13) To approve or reject the treaties, conventions, concordats, and other international agreements signed on behalf of the Republic, and to authorize the executive branch to declare war and conclude peace;	+	<u>Article 13.</u> The Republic recognizes the principles of international law; it condemns wars of aggression or of conquest and any form of colonialism or imperialism; it accepts the pacific settlement of international disputes by juridical means; and it proclaims its respect for human rights and the sovereignty of peoples. It hopes to live in peace with all nations and to maintain friendly cultural and trade relations with them on the basis of juridical equality, of nonintervention in internal affairs, and of the self-determination of peoples. The Republic may become a party to international multilateral systems of development, cooperation, and security.
-	14) To permit or prohibit the entry of foreign troops into the territory of the Republic, and in the former case, to fix the time when they must depart;	+	<u>Article 14.</u> Navigation on the international rivers is free to ships of all flags. It shall also be free on internal rivers, subject to any regulations issued by the competent authority.
-	15) To refuse or permit the expedition of national forces outside the Republic, in the latter case fixing the time for their return to the country;	+	<u>Article 15.</u> The principles, guarantees, rights, and obligations established in this Constitution may not be altered by the laws that regulate their exercise. Any law, decree, regulation, or other act of authority that is contrary to its provisions is null and void.
-	16)	+	==<center>'''TITLE II'''</center>==
		+	<center>Chapter I<br><u>The Territory and Political Divisions</u></center>
		+
		+	<u>Article 16.</u> The national territory is that which belonged to the Viceroyalty of _____ before the political transformation initiated in 1820, with the modifications resulting from treaties validly concluded by the Republic. It also includes with the same status the adjacent islands, keys, headlands, banks, the submerged lands, the territorial sea and the continental shelf, as well as the air space, the stratosphere, and the entire undersea area of its sovereign domain according to international law.
		+
		+	<u>Article 17.</u> The national territory is indivisible, inalienable, and imprescriptible. It may never be ceded, transferred, or leased or alienated in any way, even partially or temporarily, to a foreign power.
		+
		+	Foreign States may acquire, within a specified area, under guarantee of reciprocity and with limitations established by law, only real property that is necessary for the seat of their diplomatic and consular representation. The acquisition of real property by international organizations may be authorized only in accordance with conditions and restrictions established by law. In al these cases sovereignty over the land is retained.
		+
		+	<u>Article 18.</u> For purposes of political organization the territory is divided into Departments, and these into Municipalities. There is also a National District.
		+
		+	<u>Article 19.</u> The city of _____ is the capital of the Republic and the permanent seat of the branches of the government.
		+
		+	<center>Chapter II<br><u>Departments</u></center>

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Revision as of 08:51, 20 January 2010

TITLE I

Sole Chapter
Fundamental Statements

Article 1. The Republic of _____ is irrevocably and forever free and independent from any domination or protection by a foreign power.

Article 2. It shall never be the patrimony of any person or of any family.

Article 3. The government of the Republic of _____ is and always shall be democratic, representative, responsible, and alternating.

Article 4. Political power resides in the people, who exercise it directly through election, initiative, and referendum, and indirectly through their representatives in the government of the State.

Article 5. No person or assembly of persons has authority to arrogate the title or representation of the people, to usurp its rights, or to make demands in its name. Violation of this precept constitutes a crime.

Article 6. The government of the Republic is exercised by the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.

Article 7. In the organization of the powers and institutions of the State, the principle of minority representation is established.

Article 8. The branches of the government shall function harmoniously in accomplishing the aims of the State. In the exercise of their particular functions, they are limited and independent.

Article 9. No magistracy, or person, or assembly of persons, not even under the pretext of extraordinary circumstances, is empowered to assume any other authority or rights than those that have been expressly conferred upon them by the laws. Every act in contravention of this article is void.

Article 10. Spanish is the national and official language of the State.

Article 11. The State has no official religion.

Article 12. This Constitution is the supreme law of the Nation. The treaties, conventions, and other international agreements ratified and exchanged, and the laws, make up the national positive law, in the order of precedence in which they are listed.

Article 13. The Republic recognizes the principles of international law; it condemns wars of aggression or of conquest and any form of colonialism or imperialism; it accepts the pacific settlement of international disputes by juridical means; and it proclaims its respect for human rights and the sovereignty of peoples. It hopes to live in peace with all nations and to maintain friendly cultural and trade relations with them on the basis of juridical equality, of nonintervention in internal affairs, and of the self-determination of peoples. The Republic may become a party to international multilateral systems of development, cooperation, and security.

Article 14. Navigation on the international rivers is free to ships of all flags. It shall also be free on internal rivers, subject to any regulations issued by the competent authority.

Article 15. The principles, guarantees, rights, and obligations established in this Constitution may not be altered by the laws that regulate their exercise. Any law, decree, regulation, or other act of authority that is contrary to its provisions is null and void.

TITLE II

Chapter I
The Territory and Political Divisions

Article 16. The national territory is that which belonged to the Viceroyalty of _____ before the political transformation initiated in 1820, with the modifications resulting from treaties validly concluded by the Republic. It also includes with the same status the adjacent islands, keys, headlands, banks, the submerged lands, the territorial sea and the continental shelf, as well as the air space, the stratosphere, and the entire undersea area of its sovereign domain according to international law.

Article 17. The national territory is indivisible, inalienable, and imprescriptible. It may never be ceded, transferred, or leased or alienated in any way, even partially or temporarily, to a foreign power.

Foreign States may acquire, within a specified area, under guarantee of reciprocity and with limitations established by law, only real property that is necessary for the seat of their diplomatic and consular representation. The acquisition of real property by international organizations may be authorized only in accordance with conditions and restrictions established by law. In al these cases sovereignty over the land is retained.

Article 18. For purposes of political organization the territory is divided into Departments, and these into Municipalities. There is also a National District.

Article 19. The city of _____ is the capital of the Republic and the permanent seat of the branches of the government.

Chapter II
Departments