Theories of Information Behavior and Problem Solving
From Jsarmi
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=Objects of Study= | =Objects of Study= | ||
| - | What is information | + | What is information behavior? What are '''information problem solving (IPS)''' tasks ? The archetypical information behavior is an information question or a case of decision making (e.g what printer to buy) |
What is problem solving? The stereotypical problem is a puzzle (e.g. the nine-dots problem) | What is problem solving? The stereotypical problem is a puzzle (e.g. the nine-dots problem) | ||
=Models= | =Models= | ||
In information science: Nice review in http://informationr.net/ir/9-1/paper164.html | In information science: Nice review in http://informationr.net/ir/9-1/paper164.html | ||
| + | Also http://ship.nime.ac.jp/~miwamaki/dissertation02.htm | ||
| + | Some IPS task models have been developed for users’ self-searching processes (Kuhlthau, 1992; Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1995; Marchionini, 1995), | ||
| + | Information problem solving (IPS) is: | ||
| + | |||
| + | the active search for and processing of information over a period of time, with specific goals or tasks to be accomplished, and not completely taken for granted. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Other terms such as “information-seeking” (Hert, 1996; Allen, 1996) and “information search” (Kuhlthau, 1992) are used to represent the same concept. | ||
| + | 2.2.1.1 Information Problem Solving As a Process | ||
| + | |||
| + | The term IPS was originally coined by Eisenberg and Berkowitz (Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1995) to present a model of an information-oriented problem-solving approach to library and information skills instruction called the “Big 6.” They proposed that IPS is a process consisting of six stages: (1) task definition; (2) information-seeking strategies; (3) location and access; (4) use of information, (5) synthesis, and (6) evaluation[1]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Similar models consisting of slightly different stages are proposed by several other researchers. For example, Kuhlthau (1985, 1988, 1992) proposes a six-stage model of the “information-seeking process (ISP)” based on a series of empirical studies of high-school and college students. Irving (1985) presents a nine-stage model of “information skills.” Striping and Pitts (1988) propose a 10-step model of a “thinking process” for library research. Eisenberg and Brown (1992) found an “overriding similarity” among these process models and advocates a “common process approach to library and information skills education” (p. 105). | ||
Problem-solving: Book review | Problem-solving: Book review | ||
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=Intersections= | =Intersections= | ||
| - | + | Relevance? | |
| + | Clues? | ||
| + | Interactivity? | ||
| + | ''The term interactivity is defined as: The propensity to act in unison with external objects or other people (Marchionini, 1995).'' | ||
=Open questions= | =Open questions= | ||
Revision as of 19:48, 1 May 2007
These two areas of research run in parallel (show it in literature mapping) and have provided very closely related models. Surprising because the most common model of problem-solving is the "information-processing" model.
Contents |
Objects of Study
What is information behavior? What are information problem solving (IPS) tasks ? The archetypical information behavior is an information question or a case of decision making (e.g what printer to buy) What is problem solving? The stereotypical problem is a puzzle (e.g. the nine-dots problem)
Models
In information science: Nice review in http://informationr.net/ir/9-1/paper164.html Also http://ship.nime.ac.jp/~miwamaki/dissertation02.htm Some IPS task models have been developed for users’ self-searching processes (Kuhlthau, 1992; Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1995; Marchionini, 1995), Information problem solving (IPS) is:
the active search for and processing of information over a period of time, with specific goals or tasks to be accomplished, and not completely taken for granted.
Other terms such as “information-seeking” (Hert, 1996; Allen, 1996) and “information search” (Kuhlthau, 1992) are used to represent the same concept. 2.2.1.1 Information Problem Solving As a Process
The term IPS was originally coined by Eisenberg and Berkowitz (Eisenberg & Berkowitz, 1995) to present a model of an information-oriented problem-solving approach to library and information skills instruction called the “Big 6.” They proposed that IPS is a process consisting of six stages: (1) task definition; (2) information-seeking strategies; (3) location and access; (4) use of information, (5) synthesis, and (6) evaluation[1].
Similar models consisting of slightly different stages are proposed by several other researchers. For example, Kuhlthau (1985, 1988, 1992) proposes a six-stage model of the “information-seeking process (ISP)” based on a series of empirical studies of high-school and college students. Irving (1985) presents a nine-stage model of “information skills.” Striping and Pitts (1988) propose a 10-step model of a “thinking process” for library research. Eisenberg and Brown (1992) found an “overriding similarity” among these process models and advocates a “common process approach to library and information skills education” (p. 105). Problem-solving: Book review
Factors, processes and stages, approach
Intersections
Relevance? Clues? Interactivity? The term interactivity is defined as: The propensity to act in unison with external objects or other people (Marchionini, 1995).
