Osraige
From Crusaderkings
Osraige (C012) is a county in the duchy of Leinster in the kingdom of Ireland.
Osraige covers somewhat similar territory to the Irish Kingdom of Ossory (Middle Irish: Osraighe, "People of the Deer"; Modern Irish: Osraí) which existed between the 1st 2nd and 11th centuries. It was attached to Munster until the 9th century, after which it was considered part of Leinster. To the west and south, it was bounded by the River Suir, to the east by the River Barrow, to the north by the Slieve Bloom Mountains. It was anciently divided into 7 magha ("plains") and is now divided between County Kilkenny and County Laois.
Traditional Ossory extended further south towards the sea between C015 and C016. The map province also includes Counties Laois, Offaly, Tipperary, and parts of Cork and Limerick.
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History
The first king was Aengus Osrithe (fl. 2nd c.) In the 5th c, the Deisi of Munster conquered the south of the kingdom. In the 7th c, the descendants of Aengus recovered their lands and subsequently were often at war with Leinster. In the 9th century, King Cearbhall (or Cerball; English: Carroll) allied himself with the Norse against both Munster, Leinster, and Meath. His dynasts were later known as the mac Gillápadraig (English: Fitzpatrick), and Donnchad mac Gillápadraig was briefly King of Leinster in the 1030s. Around 1103, the ruling dynasty were slaughtered and the province splintered into thirds. In the 1160s, the King of Leinster Diarmait mac Murchadha conquered half the kingdom, was ousted by Domnall mac Donnchada mac Gillapátraig and fled to Wales, saw his heir blinded by Domnall, and invaded again with the Welsh and Normans. After the Norman invasion, the territory was held first under Strongbow's son Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, then his heirs the Butlers as Earls of Ormonde.
The lord in 1066 was Domnall mac Gillapátraig (r. 1055 - >1087); in 1187, Melaghlin mac Domnaill mac Gillapátraig (r. c. 1185 - 1194); in 1337, James Butler I (r. 1328 - 1337).
Dioceses
Ossory. Ossoriensis. See: The monastery of Seir-Kieran, then Aghaboe in 1118, then Kilkenny in late 12th c. Metropolitan: Dublin. Patron Saint: Bishop St. Kieran of Saighir, 5th c.
Dynasties
In the 12th century, prominent families included: the mac Gillápadraig of Ossory, the ua Dubhsláine (English: O'Delany) of the Upper Woods, the ua hÚrachán (O'Horahan) of Offerlane, the ua Faeláin (O'Phelan) of Clarmallagh, the ua Bruaideadha (O'Brody) of Ráth Tamhnaige, the ua Caellaighe (O'Kelly) of Durrow-in-Ossory, the ua Bróithe (O'Brophy) of Mag Sédna, the ua Caibhdheanaigh (O'Coveney) of Mag Airbh, the ua Glóiairn (O'Gloherny) of Callann, the ua Donnachadha (O'Donoghue) of Mag Máil, the ua Cearbhaill (O'Carroll) of Mag Cearbhail, the ua Braonáin (O'Brennan) of Idough, the ua Caollaidhe (O'Coely) of Ibercon, the mac Braoin (MacBreen) of Na Clanna, the ua Bruadair (O'Broder) of Iverk, and the ua nDeaghaidh (O'Dea) of Ida.
